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EastAsiaNet 10th Anniversary Research Workshop

Sean Golden recently spoke twice at the EastAsiaNet 10th Anniversary Research Workshop that was held at the University of Coimbra in Portuigal from 26-28 May 2016, dedicated to the New Silk Road in the Context of East Asian Relations and Wider International Implications.

Re-Imagining 'Asia' and 'Europe' along the New Silk Road
Abstract

Brussels continues to look more toward Boston than Beijing. As Frederick John Teggart demonstrated in 1939 in his book Rome and China: A Study of Correlations in Historical Events, major developments in the history of the Roman Empire were preceded and provoked by major developments in the history of the Chinese Empire. As China repelled wave after wave of Central Asian tribes attacking the East, these tribes turned West and successively displaced still more tribes closer and closer to Europe. The Xiongnu lead to the Huns. Yet “European” history still ignores the implications of Teggart’s study and continues to take Europe to be the country in the middle of it all. This Eurocentrism affects countries that span Eurasia, like Russia, and countries that clearly belong to Central or even South Asia, like Iran. The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the One Belt, One Road initiative will eventually have as great an impact on Europe’s future as developments in the Chinese Empire had on Europe’s past. What obsolete paradigms prevent analysts and planners from detecting or recognising the consequences of China’s mid-to-long term Eurasian development strategy? And what new paradigms might open their minds? What tools do we need to assess the New Silk Road strategy?

EAN, A Decade of Networking: reflecting on the past, prospects for the future

XV EastAsiaNet Workshop. Water in East Asia. Interfacing Environmental Risk

Sean Golden, member of the Inter-Asia research group, took part in the  XV EastAsiaNet Workshop. Water in East Asia. Interfacing Environmental Risk, Culture & Society, held at the Università Ca'Foscari Venezia from 14-16/05/2015, on the topic of:

A discourse analysis of the communication of ecological risk and its subsequent management in China

Abstract


This paper will study three sources of discourse for the communication of ecological risk in China and its subsequent management: the discourse of informal, nongovernmental or emergent civil society communication of ecological risk (social movements, protest movements, critical analysis of risk and governmental policy); the discourse of formal or academic, nongovernmental communication of ecological risk (academics, advisers, opinion-makers); the official, governmental communication of ecological risk (official think tanks, ministry documents). The working hypothesis of this study is that even though awareness of ecological risk is high among the emergent civil society, the ministry advisers and the policy-makers, the management of ecological risk is hampered by contradictory priorities and criteria in the meritocratic evaluation of performance by government and Party officials, on the one hand, and the generation of wealth, on the other. This debate is analogous to the debate on efficiency (the generation of wealth) and equity (the redistribution of wealth) in the field of economic planning and performance.

EastAsiaNet Research Workshop, Memory in East Asia: Ruptured Pasts, Contested Presents, Uncertain Futures

Sean Golden, member of the Inter-Asia research group, spoke at the EastAsiaNet Research Workshop, Memory in East Asia: Ruptured Pasts, Contested Presents, Uncertain Futures, at the White Rose University East Asia Centre of the University of Sheffield (UK), 24-26/04/2014, on the subject of:.

后折腾时代 houzheteng shidai. From the Cultural Revolution to the Chongqing Model and Beyond. What Have the Children of Yan’an in Mind for the Future?

Abstract

How do the Chinese people –and more specifically, their current leaders-- understand their contemporary experiences in relation to the Maoist period (1956-1976) of the Chinese socialist revolution? How are social institutions, power relations and communications media –including the new ICTs and social networks-- involved in the construction of the corresponding discourses, and what are the implications of memories of Maoism for economic and political, as well as social and cultural relations and institutions, in East Asia and for the 21st century world order? The “Chongqing Model” associated with the now disgraced leader 薄熙來 Bo Xilai, contemporary debate about the famine that followed the “Great Leap Forward”, the recent fleeting appearance in the Chinese media of the image of the “tank man” from1989 and the novel «盛世:中國, 2013年» by 陳冠中 Chan Koon-chung [“In an Age of Prosperity: China 2013”, published in 2008; published in English as The Fat Years in 2011] will serve as case studies to explore how the past, present and future are mediated, negotiated and embedded in public discourses through discursive practices in contemporary China. Chan Koon-chang portrays a fictitious –but ominously realistic-- collective amnesia. The Famine seemed to have disappeared from collective memory and the events of 1989 are taboo in public, yet efforts are being made to restore those memories. People marginalised by the processes of 改革开放 gǎigékāifàng recur to Maoist terminology and analyses to defend their rights. The Party condemns Bo Xilai for his policy of “唱红” chàng hóng singing red songs but 习近平 Xi Jinping uses 毛文體 [毛文体] Mào wéntǐ “MaoSpeak” to structure his own discourse on the 中國夢 Zhōngguó mèng “Chinese Dream”. What do the 延安儿女 Yán'ān ér-nǚ “Children of Yan’an” think about the past? And what have they in mind for the future?

12th EastAsiaNet Research Workshop

Sean Golden, a member of the Inter-Asia research group, gave a talk at the 12th EastAsiaNet Research Workshop organised by the Institut d'Asie Orientale - Sciences-Po Lyon and the Institut d'Etudes Transtextuelles et Transculturelles - Université Jean-Moulin Lyon 3, on 17-18 October 2013, dedicated to: 

Future Cities and Space Reconfiguration in East Asia: Practices and Representations, Risk and Opportunities 

on the topic of:

Urban policies and governance of the risks of urban environmental calamities and urban development: a discourse analysis of official and non-official communication

Abstract


This paper will present a case study of three sources of discourse for the communication of urban ecological risk in the PRC and its subsequent management. The three sources are: the discourse of informal, nongovernmental or emergent civil society communication of ecological risk (social movements, protest movements, critical analysis of risk and governmental policy); the discourse of formal or academic, nongovernmental communication of ecological risk (academics, advisers, opinion-makers); the official, governmental communication of ecological risk (official think tanks, ministry documents). New political terminology is emerging, whose analysis can reveal contemporary tensions in social, economic and political policy-making. One the one hand, terms such as “social construction” 社会建设  shèhuì jiànshè, “social system reform” 社会體制改革 shèhuì tízhì gǎigé“ or social self-governance” 社會自治 [社会自治] shèhuī zìzhì might imply a growing role for Chinese "civil society" 民间社会 mínjiān shèhuì. On the other hand, terms and statements such as  “social management” 社会管理  shèhuì guǎnlǐ, "stability preservation" 维护稳定 wéihù wěndìng/维稳 wéiwěn or “‘civil society’ is a ‘Western pitfall’” “公民社会”是西方陷阱 gōngmín shèhuì shì xīfāng xiànjǐng seem to imply serious opposition to social or political reform. In 2010, 习近平 Xi Jinping told Party members in a speech at the Central Party School that “power is given by the people, and power is used for the people.” In 2011, 周本順  Zhōu Běnshùn, secretary of the Party’s Central Politics and Law Commission, attacked the idea of social organizations working independently of the government, saying China had to avoid the “pitfall of ‘civil society’ designed for us by certain Western nations.” Now the debate is centering around what the "Chinese Dream" 中國夢 Zhōngguó mèng might be. Three cases of urban planning and governance --Chongqing 重慶, Guangzhou  广州 and Wukan 烏坎-- provide three contrasting visions of urban policies and governance of the risks of urban environmental calamities and urban development.




2nd Asia-Europe Forum on Methods and Perspectives of Risk Analysis

The Hong Kong Advanced Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Studies of the City University of Hong Kong organised the 2nd Asia-Europe Forum on Methods and Perspectives of Risk Analysis on 8-9 November 2012, in collaboration with the IN-EAST Institute of East Asian Studies of the University of Duisburg-Essen in Germany, coordinator of the EastAsiaNet thematic research network that includes the East Asian Studies & Research Centre of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Inter-Asia and the CIDOB Foundation of Barcelona think tank. Seán Golden, a member of the Inter-Asia research group, spoke on the topic of A Discourse Analysis of the Official and Non-official Communiocation of Ecological Risk and its Subsequent Management in the PRC:

Abstract
This paper will present a case study of three sources of discourse for the communication of ecological risk in the PRC and its subsequent management. The three sources are: the discourse of informal, nongovernmental or emergent civil society communication of ecological risk (social movements, protest movements, critical analysis of risk and governmental policy); the discourse of formal or academic, nongovernmental communication of ecological risk (academics, advisers, opinion-makers); the official, governmental communication of ecological risk (official think tanks, ministry documents). These three kinds of communication will then be compared and contrasted with the results of official management of ecological risk in the PRC. The working hypothesis of this study is that even though awareness of ecological risk is high among the emergent civil society, the ministry advisers and the policy-makers, the management of ecological risk is hampered by contradictory priorities and criteria in the meritocratic evaluation of performance by government and Party officials, on the one hand, and the generation of wealth, on the other. This debate is analogous to the debate on efficiency (the generation of wealth) and equity (the redistribution of wealth) in the field of economic planning and performance.

10th EastAsiaNet Research Workshop


The East Asian Studies and Research Centre of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) and the CIDOB Foundation of Barcelona think tank organised the 10th EastAsiaNet Research Workshop at the CIDOB Foundation on 25-26 October 2012 in collaboration with the Inter-Asia Research Group of the UAB, the Masters degree in European Union-China. Culture & Economy of the UAB, the Confucius Institute Foundation of Barcelona, the Spanish Ministry of the Economy and Competitiveness and the Residence for Researchers of the Spanish Higher Research Council (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas- CSIC).

The Speakers were:
  • Alain-Marc Rieu (University of Lyon 3, France): Japan after Fukushima: toward a new governance arrangement
  • Lau Blaxekjær (University of Copenhagen, Denmark):  Post-Fukushima Governance – Institutional Dissonance and Post-Normal Governance?
  • Kristin Surak (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany): Civil Society and Migrant Labor Recruit Schemes in East Asia: Possibilities and Pitfalls in Lobbying for Reform
  • Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard (Copenhagen Business Sxchool, Denmark): Murder, Sex, Corruption: Will China Continue to Hold Together?
  • Andrea Revelant (University of Venice - Ca'Foscari, Italy): Between state and society: political parties in Japan
  • Stéphane Corcuff (Lyon Institute of East Asia, France): Local, national, cross straits, global: Do Taiwanese voters establish a hierarchy of identification references in their voting behaviour?
  • Xavier Ortells-Nicolau (Inter-Asia, UAB, Spain): Major trends in English-speaking scholarship on China’s civil society, 1989-2000s
  • Sean Golden (Inter-Asia, UAB, Spain): “Social construction”, “social management”, and “social system reform” versus “‘civil society’ is a ‘Western pitfall’”: official discourse on civil society and governance going into the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
  • Joaquín Beltrán (Inter-Asia, UAB, Spain):  Culture and the Confucius Institute: Soft power to meet global governance and external challenges
  • Laura De Giorgi (University of Venice - Ca'Foscari, Italy): History education and civil society in contemporary China
  • Thomas Boutonnet (University of Lyon 3, France): Consumerism as a Risk for Social Stability? Governance and Risk Management in the "Eight Honours and Eight Disgraces" Campaign
  • Carmen Amado Mendes (University of Coimbra, Portugal): The role of Macau’s governance and civil society in promoting lusophony: the manipulation of a concept for managing risk in China’s relations with the lusophone world









Constructing a Discourse of "Scientific Development" and "Ecological Civilisation" in China. Ecology and Ideology in Chinese Thought

Seán Golden, member of the Inter-Asia research group, spoke at the 9th EastAsiaNet Research Workshop at Universidade de Aveiro (Portugal, 19-21 April 2012) dedicated to risk and the environment in East ASia on the subject of Constructing a Discourse of "Scientific Development" and "Ecological Civilisation" in China. Ecology and Ideology in Chinese Thought.

Abstract

Hu Jintao introduced the concept of “scientific development” into official Party discourse. This is understood to refer to the need for better environmental management, the reduction of environmental degradation and conservation of the environment. Think tanks of the Central Committee have elaborated a discourse of “Ecological Civilisation” to accompany the previously constructed discourses of “Material Civilisation” (the economy), “Spiritual Civilisation” (culture) and “Political Civilisation” (democracy and the rule of law). References to Nature in an environmental or ecological context are rare in the history of Chinese thought, much more associated with Daoism than with Confucianism, but they do exist. Lynn White (“The Historical Roots of Our Ecologic Crisis”) pointed out long ago that the book of Genesis lies behind Western notions of the exploitation of nature. Frans de Wahl (The Ape and the Sushi Master) suggested that Japanese primatologists made important discoveries about the role of culture among primates earlier than their Western counterparts because of their grounding in a Shinto perception of the natural world. This study proposes to compare and contrast the ideological bases of Euroamerican and East Asian approaches to the environment.

"China's Perception of Risk and the Concept of 'Comprehensive National Power'"

The Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies has recently published an article by Seán Golden, member of the Inter-Asia research team, in a special volume dedicated to Political and Economic Decoupling and Risk Assessment in Contemporary Asia.

Abstract 

This article approaches the concept of risk from a Chinese perspective and traces its evolution throughout the history of Chinese thought, from the classics to the present. It analyzes underlying elements that have given rise to its current form, in comparison with elements of the same concept in the West, and describes how the perception of risk has helped shape the guidelines of China's ongoing transformation, as in the case of "peaceful development" and a "harmonious world". It identifies the main domestic and foreign risks that threaten the sustainability of China's development, and discusses the concept of "comprehensive national power".

8th EastAsiaNet Research Workshop


Inter-Asia research group member Sean Golden spoke at the 8th EastAsiaNet Research Workshop organised by the Department of East Asian Studies at the University of Vienna (Austria) on 15-17 September 2011.

His contribution to Section A: The Future of Higher Education on East Asia: Concepts and Experiences was entitled Do East Asian Studies really exist?:

Abstract:
I have been actively involved in setting up East Asian studies at university level in Spain since I arrived there from China in 1984 and found that they did not yet exist at that time. The process was long and laborious. By the 1988-1989 academic year we were able to introduce the study of Chinese and Japanese into an official undergraduate degree course and we created a Chinese Studies Centre and a Japanese Studies Centre. It took another 10 years to create an undergraduate degree in Area Studies that included a specialisation in East Asian Studies form a multidisciplinary point of view, still concentrating on China and Japan but also introducing Korean language studies. Five years later the Spanish government formally created an official undergraduate degree in East Asian Studies. During this entire process I was involved in university administration as a Dean of a Faculty and as a member of the Governing Board of the university. I also acted as an adviser to the regional and national governments and published studies of how to organise East Asian Studies. On the basis of this experience I would like to comment on the question “Do East Asian Studies really exist?” By this I mean to ask whether or not it is possible to carry out coordinated studies of an area recognised to be “East Asia” from a variety of humanistic and social science disciplines, or whether what we call East Asian Studies is simply the sum of a various uncoordinated academic offers based on Chinese Studies, Japanese Studies, Korean Studies, etc. A debate on this subject might make it possible to formulate some basic EastAsiaNet guidelines for the organisation of East Asian Studies.

First Asia-Europe Forum on Methods and Perspectives of Risk Analysis


Inter-Asia reserach group member Sean Golden spoke at the First Asia-Europe Forum on Methods and Perspectives of Risk Analysis co-organised at the City University of Hong Kong by the Hong Kong Advanced Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Studies of City University and by the In-EAST: Institute of East Asian Studies of Universität Duisburg-Essen (Germany) in collaboration with EastAsiaNet on 17-18 November 2011. His topic was Discourse and Risk in Chinese Strategic Thinking:

Abstract
Discourse has been a focus for Chinese thinking on risk and strategy from ancient times until the present. After presenting some examples of discourse analysis in the context of risk in classical Chinese politic and military thought, his presentation proposed that reading between the lines of official policy statements today in order to identify underlying issues of conflict and political struggle can be a valuable instrument for risk analysis in the context of contemporary Chinese studies. Discourse analysis can be applied equally well to the official policy statements of the USA or the EU in order to gauge the state of their relations with China or their mutual relations. The presentation was based on a brief selection of case studies.